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Alcohol use disorder

Alcohol Use Disorder (AUD) is a mental health condition and brain based disease that affects a person’s ability to control or stop drinking, even when alcohol is causing harm to their health, relationships, or daily life.

What is Alcohol Use Disorder (AUD) ?

Alcohol Use Disorder (AUD) is a mental health condition and brain based disease that affects a person’s ability to control or stop drinking, even when alcohol is causing harm to their health, relationships, or daily life. It is not about how often you drink alcohol.

It’s about how drinking affects your:

  • judgment

  • relationships

  • mental health

  • ability to stop, even when you want to

AUD can range from mild to severe, and it doesn’t always look like what you’d expect.

This page is educational. It’s not a substitute for medical care. If you’re worried about your liver or have symptoms, talk to your provider. You deserve real answers and support.

How do you know you have it?

Here are some signs that drinking might be more than “just a habit”:

  • You’ve tried to cut back but can’t

  • You drink even when it causes problems with work, school, or relationships

  • You use alcohol to deal with stress, anxiety, or sleep

  • You drink alone or in secret

  • You need more alcohol to feel the same effect

  • You feel withdrawal symptoms when you stop (sweating, shaking, anxiety)

If these feel familiar, you’re not alone. There is help.

This page is educational. It’s not a substitute for medical care. If you’re worried about your liver or have symptoms, talk to your provider. You deserve real answers and support.

How do you get it?

Alcohol Use Disorder develops over time, and it’s often linked to stress, mental health, trauma, or using alcohol to cope.

Common risk factors:

  • Using alcohol to manage emotions or social pressure

  • Binge drinking or drinking regularly to “take the edge off”

  • Family history of addiction

  • Depression, anxiety, PTSD, or untreated emotional distress

  • Brain changes that rewire your reward system

It’s not a lack of willpower. It’s something deeper, and treatable.

Before you judge, you should know

AUD changes the brain. It affects the same pathways tied to reward, impulse control, and emotional regulation. It’s not about weakness. It’s biology.

You don’t need to drink every day to have a problem.
Binge cycles, emotional dependency, and “functioning” patterns can still be dangerous, especially for your liver.

Many people with AUD are masking pain.
Anxiety, trauma, depression, and grief often sit quietly underneath. Alcohol becomes the coping tool, not the root cause.

It hits younger than you think.
Liver damage and mental health spirals linked to alcohol use are rising in young adults, even in people who don’t “look” sick.

Shame delays care.
Too many people wait until it’s a crisis, not because they don’t care but because they’re scared of being blamed or judged.

If any of this resonates, even a little, you’re not alone. AUD is common, treatable, and nothing to be ashamed of. You don’t need a diagnosis to ask for help. Start with a trusted provider, harm-reduction space, or support group that understands the mental and physical sides of alcohol use.

This page is educational. It’s not a substitute for medical care. If you’re worried about your liver or have symptoms, talk to your provider. You deserve real answers and support.

How it Affects Your Liver

When drinking becomes frequent or excessive, it overwhelms your liver. Over time, this can lead to:

  • Fatty liver

  • Inflammation (hepatitis)

  • Scarring (fibrosis or cirrhosis)

  • Liver failure

Your liver doesn’t heal easily. The earlier you stop the damage, the more it can recover.

This page is educational. It’s not a substitute for medical care. If you’re worried about your liver or have symptoms, talk to your provider. You deserve real answers and support.

How To Reduce the Risk of Alcohol Use Disorder

There is no universally “safe” amount of alcohol for everyone. Risk is shaped by how often you drink, how much you drink, why you drink, and what is happening in your body and mind.

Regular binge drinking, daily drinking, or using alcohol to cope with stress, emotions, or sleep can all increase the risk of Alcohol Use Disorder over time, even if drinking feels controlled or socially normal.

Prevention is not about perfection or fear. It is about awareness and early support.

You can reduce your risk by making intentional, realistic shifts:

  • Pay attention to patterns, not just quantity
    Notice how often alcohol shows up in your routine and what role it plays.

  • Set clear boundaries around drinking
    This can include limiting frequency, spacing out drinks, or choosing alcohol free days.

  • Develop healthier coping strategies for emotional stress and stressful situations
    Movement, connection, rest, creativity, and therapy all reduce reliance on alcohol as relief.

  • Avoid using alcohol as a reward, stress release, or emotional escape
    These patterns increase the risk of dependency over time.

  • Talk to a healthcare or mental health provider early
    Support is most effective before alcohol becomes a problem. Early conversations matter.

    Prevention is about understanding why you drink, what your body is signaling, and getting support when you feel like you may be using alcohol to cope.

This page is educational. It’s not a substitute for medical care. If you’re worried about your liver or have symptoms, talk to your provider. You deserve real answers and support.

Symptoms and Diagnosis

Symptoms

Cravings and loss of control

A strong pull to drink or difficulty stopping once you start.
Feeling like drinking is becoming a pattern instead of a choice.

Withdrawal symptoms

Shaking, sweating, nausea, irritability, or anxiety when not drinking.
Feeling better only after drinking again.

Sleep disruption

Difficulty falling asleep or staying asleep.
Waking up tired or unrested even after a full night.

Physical changes

Stomach pain.
Changes in appetite.
Liver discomfort or digestive issues.
Frequent nausea or vomiting.

Emotional and mental changes

Mood swings, anxiety, or increased irritability.
Foggy thinking or trouble concentrating.
Using alcohol to cope with stress, emotions, or overwhelm.

Social or lifestyle impacts

Drinking more often than planned.
Skipping activities or responsibilities because of drinking.
Feeling worried about how much you are using but unsure what to do.

How AUD is diagnosed

A doctor or mental health professional will look at your full picture, not just one symptom. Diagnosis usually includes:

Your symptoms

What you feel physically and emotionally before, during, and after drinking.

Your drinking patterns

How often you drink.
How much you drink.
Whether drinking is becoming central in your routine.

How alcohol affects your life

Sleep.
Stress.
Relationships.
School, work, or day to day functioning.

Screening tools

Clinicians may use validated questionnaires to understand where you fall on the spectrum from mild to severe.

Medical checks

Blood work or liver function tests may be done to check if alcohol is affecting your health.

 

A doctor or mental health professional will look at your full picture, not just one symptom. Diagnosis usually includes:

Your symptoms

What you feel physically and emotionally before, during, and after drinking.

Your drinking patterns

How often you drink.
How much you drink.
Whether drinking is becoming central in your routine.

How alcohol affects your life

Sleep.
Stress.
Relationships.
School, work, or day to day functioning.

Screening tools

Clinicians may use validated questionnaires to understand where you fall on the spectrum from mild to severe.

Medical checks

Blood work or liver function tests may be done to check if alcohol is affecting your health.

 

AUD is treatable.
Support exists.
Recovery can look different for everyone.

A clinician or therapist can help you understand what is going on, why it feels the way it does, and what steps you can take to feel better and support your liver.

This page is educational. It’s not a substitute for medical care. If you’re worried about your liver or have symptoms, talk to your provider. You deserve real answers and support.

Common Questions about AUD

Can I have AUD even if I don’t drink every day?

Yes. AUD is about your relationship with alcohol. Not just frequency.

 

No. AUD is a brain-based disorder. Blame doesn’t help. Treatment does.

 

 

Start by getting curious. Track your drinking. Talk to someone. The first step doesn’t have to be the final one.

 

If you or someone you love is living with liver disease and starts acting “off,” don’t wait. HE is reversible in early stages—but only if it’s caught.

Ask a doctor about:

  • Blood ammonia levels

  • Liver function panels

  • Mental status tests or a referral to a specialist

There are treatments (like lactulose and rifaximin) that help reduce the toxin buildup, but early intervention is key. Waiting too long can lead to hospitalization—or worse.

In many cases, yes — especially if caught early. But the longer AUD continues, the harder it becomes. Now is better than later.

Yes — and you should.
There are FDA-approved medications that can help reduce cravings, block the reward of alcohol, or make drinking feel less compulsive.

These include:

  • Naltrexone (oral or injectable)

  • Acamprosate (helps restore brain balance after quitting)

  • Disulfiram (creates sensitivity to alcohol — less common but still used)

You don’t need to wait until things are “bad enough.”
If you’re struggling to cut back, this is a valid medical conversation — not a moral failing.

Tip: You can say something like..
“I’ve been thinking about cutting back. Are there any meds that could help with cravings or withdrawal?”

This page is educational. It’s not a substitute for medical care. If you’re worried about your liver or have symptoms, talk to your provider. You deserve real answers and support.

References

  • National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (NIAAA).
    Treatment for Alcohol Problems: Finding and Getting Help.
  • Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA).
  • Medications for Substance Use Disorders.
  • Mayo Clinic.
    Alcohol Use Disorder – Diagnosis and Treatment.

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