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Hepatitis A, B, C

Three different viruses. One common target: your liver.
Learn the basics, how they’re spread, and why it matters.

 

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We’re talking liver health. Stigmas. Silence.

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What is Hepatitis A, B, and C?

Hepatitis is inflammation of the liver, usually caused by a virus. There are several types, and each one acts differently in the body.

Hepatitis A

Usually short-term and caused by eating or drinking something contaminated. It rarely causes long-term liver damage and often clears on its own with rest and recovery.

Hepatitis B

Can be short-term or chronic. Spread through blood or body fluids. Chronic Hep B can silently damage the liver over time, increasing the risk of cirrhosis or liver cancer if not monitored.

Hepatitis C

Often goes unnoticed for years. It spreads mainly through blood exposure and is the most likely to become chronic. Without treatment, it can cause serious long-term damage like scarring and liver failure.

Not all types act the same.

While Hep A usually clears on its own, Hep B and C can silently harm your liver for years without noticeable symptoms.

This page is educational. It’s not a substitute for medical care. If you’re worried about your liver or have symptoms, talk to your provider. You deserve real answers and support.

How do you get it?

The transmission varies by type:

Liver failure usually doesn’t happen out of nowhere. It’s most often the final stage of long-term liver injury from conditions like cirrhosis, hepatitis, or lifestyle-related damage such as alcohol misuse or metabolic disease.

Hepatitis A:

Spread by ingesting contaminated food, water, or close contact with someone infected.

Hepatitis B:

Spread through blood, unprotected sex, shared needles, or from mother to baby at birth.

Hepatitis C:

Primarily spread through blood-to-blood contact (e.g., shared needles, non-sterile tattoos or piercings, medical procedures in unsafe settings). 

It’s not about lifestyle, It’s about exposure.

Anyone can get hepatitis, and stigma often delays testing and care.

How do you know you have it?

Most people don’t—until liver damage has already started.

  • Acute hepatitis (especially A) may cause flu-like symptoms, nausea, or yellowing of the skin.

  • Chronic hepatitis B or C often has no symptoms for years.

  • Many find out only through routine bloodwork or after serious liver damage occurs.

That’s why regular screening matters. Especially if you’ve ever had risk exposure, even if you think it may have been years ago.

How it Affects Your Liver

Hepatitis causes inflammation that can silently scar your liver over time.

  • In acute cases, the liver usually heals.

  • In chronic infections (mostly B and C), the virus continues damaging liver cells, which can lead to cirrhosis or liver cancer.

  • Hepatitis C is one of the top causes of liver transplants today.

The longer it goes untreated, the greater the damage.

But with the right care, your liver can recover—or be protected from further harm.

How to prevent it

Vaccines and harm reduction save lives.

  • Vaccines are available for Hepatitis A and B. If you’re not sure if you’ve had them, talk to your doctor.

  • There’s no vaccine for Hepatitis C, but it is curable with treatment.

  • Use protection during sex, don’t share needles, and ensure tattoos or piercings are done with sterile equipment.

  • Hepatitis A prevention also includes handwashing and safe food handling.

Knowledge is prevention!

Getting tested and vaccinated can protect not just you—but the people around you.

Chronic hepatitis B and C can cause silent liver damage for years. Get tested, know your status, and get vaccinated if eligible. If you’ve ever shared needles, had unprotected sex, or lived in a high-risk region, ask your doctor to check your liver.

Symptoms and Diagnosis

COMMON SYMPTOMS
  • Fatigue
  • Nausea or vomiting
  • Yellow skin or eyes (jaundice)
  • Dark urine
  • Abdominal pain
  • Low appetite or fever
  • Blood tests to detect the virus

  • Liver enzyme tests

  • Follow-up testing to confirm acute vs. chronic infection

  • In some cases, liver ultrasound or biopsy to assess damage

 

If symptoms are severe or progressing rapidly, liver failure is a medical emergency. You may need hospitalization, intensive care, or even evaluation for a liver transplant. Early action gives you options. Waiting can shut those options down.

Common Questions

Can hepatitis go away on its own?

Hepatitis A always resolves on its own. Hepatitis B and C might clear naturally in some people, but many develop chronic infection without symptoms. That’s why testing and follow-up are essential.

Absolutely not. Hepatitis C is now curable in most cases. Hepatitis B can be managed with lifelong care. Hepatitis A typically resolves fully.

Yes. Many people live with chronic hepatitis for decades without knowing. Early detection can prevent serious liver damage.

If you’ve never been vaccinated for Hep A or B, or you’re unsure, ask your doctor for a simple blood test. There’s no vaccine for Hep C, but it is highly treatable.

World Health Organization (WHO). (2023).
Hepatitis: Key facts.
Available at: https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/hepatitis

Covers global burden, transmission, prevention, and treatment for hepatitis A, B, C, D, and E.

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). (2023).
Viral Hepatitis Surveillance—United States, 2021.
Available at: https://www.cdc.gov/hepatitis/statistics/index.htm

U.S.-based data and trends across hepatitis A, B, and C.

Alter, M. J. (2006).
Epidemiology of viral hepatitis and HIV co-infection.
Journal of Hepatology, 44(1 Suppl), S6–S9.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhep.2005.11.004

 

Real info. No shame.

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